This is your history!
Swedish soldiers in the old days
The allotment system (Swedish: indelningsverket; Finnish: ruotujakolaitos) was a system used in Sweden for keeping a trained army at all times. This system came into use in around 1640, and was replaced in the early 1900s by theSwedish Armed Forces conscription system. Two different allotment systems have been in use in Sweden; they are the old allotment system (äldre indelningsverket) and the new allotment system (yngre indelningsverket), the latter often referred to as just "the allotment system". The soldiers who were part of these systems were known as "croft soldiers" (indelta soldater, the Swedish term, does not have the same meaning) due to the small crofts allotted to them.
Originally, the allotment system was a name for a system used to pay servants of the state, like officers and clergy. It was introduced because of an often felt shortage of money, and the allotment system tried to solve this by localizing taxes; meaning that payment consisted of an individual's right to collect certain taxes. Later on it referred to an organization created to provide soldiers to the armed forces, properly known as det ständiga knektehållet (literally "the permanent soldier household"). The reason for this development of the term is that a large part of the allotment system was used to support det ständiga knektehållet.
Read all about it here
See pictures here
There is a very good Swedish film about Swedish soldiers during the 1700-1800:s. The parts are free to see at the Swedish Televisions homepage. However it might be necessary for you to get a secret IP-number - if the film is free to see only in Sweden. However, that is easy to arrange. Ask someone who can do it for you. The name of the story is: Raskens about the Soldier Rask, a name that says he was a fast and good worker. It is in Swedish. At least Glen might like the film. Here it is:
Part 1 (8): http://www.oppetarkiv.se/video/1484494/raskens-avsnitt-1-av-8
Part 2 (8): http://www.oppetarkiv.se/video/1484528/raskens-avsnitt-2-av-8
Part 3 (8): http://www.oppetarkiv.se/video/1484474/raskens-avsnitt-3-av-8
Part 4 (8): http://www.oppetarkiv.se/video/1484491/raskens-avsnitt-4-av-8
Part 5 (8): http://www.oppetarkiv.se/video/1484471/raskens-avsnitt-5-av-8
Part 6 (8): http://www.oppetarkiv.se/video/1484478/raskens-avsnitt-6-av-8
Part 7 (8): http://www.oppetarkiv.se/video/1484416/raskens-avsnitt-7-av-8
Part 8 (8): http://www.oppetarkiv.se/video/1484542/raskens-avsnitt-8-av-8
You can also look at all parts of Soldier Rask at youtube (search for Raskens):
There is also a film of the same author Wilhelm Moberg about those who left Sweden for America. It is called Utvandrarna.
You can download “Utvandrarna” here
Actor Liv Ullman tell about the film in English
The film seem to be published at several places. Seach for Utvandrarna full movie and you will find it.
Wilhelm Moberg also wrote Nybyggarna (the new land) about what happened to the emigrants in America.
There are a lot of trailers and the full film at youtube. Search for Nybyggarna.
Soldier Per Jansson Pollack and Anna Andersdotter
In Garberg, Elfdalen, Sweden
1761-1810
Per Jansson born 1761 in South Garberg, Älvdalen. Dead there 12/9 1810 of breast fever.
As a soldier he also got the name Pollack or Pålak.
Per was a soldier as Soldier Pålack (Pollak/Pålak) from 1779 to 1804 in South Garberg, Älvdalen.
He was also Soldier No 55 for Vångsgärde in Orsa company from 16/10 1779 to 21/6 1804.
He was still single due to Mantalslängden.
The records says that he was about 170 cm long.
When he came to service 1804 he was sick and disabled in the right leg. Therefore he was granted to leave the army with a small pension.Married 1787 to Anna Andersdotter born 1763.
The family lived in South Garberg No 13 and 11, Älvdalen
In mantalslängden (mtl) 1809 that tells who lived in South Garberg we can read about retired soldier Per J Pållack. There are sex persons in the household, four men and two women: Per and Marit 14, Lars 10, Eric 6 år. Both Per and Anna are sick. The parents are now baggers.
In mtl next year, 1810, Per is now dead. The family still lives in South Garberg No 13. Head of the family is now Soldier P Jonsson Pållaks son. There are seven persons in the house hold. However they couldn´t count. They are: Anders, 19, Per 14, Marit 14, Lars, 14, Eric 7. The mother is sick, poo and in very bad condition.
In mtl 1811: The son Per, 16, had taken over the farm. Margit 14, Lars, 12 and Eric, 8, still lives in the house hold. So does the mother Anna who is sick, in a very bad condition and depending on others.
Children who all could add Martis/Mattis to their name:
1) Anders Pehrsson Berg born 1791 became a soldier with the name Berg.
He also took over the farm Garberg No 8 and married 1819 to Marit Ersdotter born 1793.
They got four children.
2) Knif Pehr Pehrsson born 10/5 1794 (twin) in Garberg, Älvdalen
3) Marit Pehrdotter born 1793 (twin) in Garberg, Älvdalen
4) Lars Pehrsson born 24/2 1799. Married 1823 to Anna Persdotter born 1797. They got at least a son:
5) Sara Persdotter dead 1800
6) Eric Pehrsson born 14/7 1802
In the household there was also a Margit Jonsdotter born 1723 – dead 1803.
She was probably someones grandmother.
Church books
Älvdalen C:4 page 18 Eric is born 1802
Älvadalen AI:10 page 18 Garberag 13
Älvdalen AI:12 page 104 Garberg 13 and 11
Älvdalen AI:15 page 67 Garberg 8
Älvdalen AI:16 page 238 Garberg 8
http://www.stjerneholm.se/slkt2/start.php?ID=2-2609&P=lm
Martis/Mattis
Eric Persson and Carin Mattsdotter
in Garberg, Elfdalen, Sweden
Married 1824 to: Carin Mattsdotter born 13/1 1798. She died from “håll och stygn” 14/5 1866.
Carin was daughter of Matts Mattsson and Anna Olsdotter in Garberg, Älvdalen. Carin was at the end lame.
Moved 1825 from Älvdalen to Lillhärdal
Moved 1835 from Medelpad till Älvdalen
Church book
Älvdalen C:3 page 223 Carin was born
https://www.myheritage.se/family-16_16001384_29923131_29923131/persson-mattis-erik-persson-carin-matsdotter
http://worldconnect.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=carols&id=1994
http://grudin.se/Mora%20kompani/index.html (about Mora company)
Children:
1) Anna born 8/4 1824
2) Märtha born 12/9 1826
She was unmarried but had a son, Soldier No 117 at Orsa Company first with the name Hillring.
Per Persson Hillring born 24/8 1851 in Sundsvall. They lived with her father at Garberg No 8 at the
It says in the churchbook that he could hardly read and that he had been beaten as punishment
Märtha is called maid but moves from Garberg 1879 and Per Persson Hillring leaves the farm 1880.
3) Pehr Johan Lindberg born 19/2 1828 son och soldat
4) Eric Olof Eriksson born 19/2 1831, Soldier Number 147 in South Garberg with the name Getting.
5) Catharina born 10/2 1833, table 1
6) Anders Ersson Fogde, born 5/6 1836 – dead 26/6 1892. He was “well known to be mischievous”.
Married to Marit Olsdotter Hed born 30/7 1834 – dead 7/9 1891 in Blyberg, Älvdalen.
- Marit born 10/11 1859
- Anna born 25/5 1862
- Carin born 23/1 1864
- Margith born 14/9 1864
- Cherstin born 5/2 1872
- Lina born 16/12 1873 – dead 18/1 1875
- Anders born 19/10 1875
Älvdalen AI:26 page 132
Älvdalen AI:29 page 146
This is the family before Katarina Ersdotter (Ericsdotter = Erics daughter) born 10/8 1833 in Garber, Älvdalen.
Note Anna Olofsdotter in the pedigree. She was born 11/5 1762 and died on her 70th birthday 11/5 1832 just as Warren Gustafson did, table 53.
Table 1
Martis
Katarina Ersdotter
She was also called Mattis-Katarina.
Daughter of “hosed” Martis Eric Persson born 14/7 1802 and is wife Carin Mattsdotter born 13/1 1798.
They were married 1824.
Katarina was 9/10 1865 married to Knubb Anders Ersson (Eriksson) born 24/7 1813 – dead 14/12 1872 in Leksand. They were separated (divorced) when Katarina became a widow 39 years old.
There must have been a real hard reason for that. Otherwise it never happened.
Katarina Eriksdotters first two children – one of them was your great great great (?) grandfather Nels Anderson - were born before marriage. Father unknown. Then in 1865 she married Knubb Anders Ersson (Eriksson) born 24/7 1813.
Knubb Anders Ersson was first 1842 married to Kerstin Persdotter born 4/1 1808 – dead 28/4 1863. They had been married for 21 years when he became a widower. They had no children together. The book of death confirm this. She was 55 years 3 months 23 days old when she died of “consuming illness”.
Knubb Anders Ersson was 20 years older than Katarina whom he married 9/10 1865. They lived in Kumblenäs, Wåmhus and with a so much younger woman Anders got new energy. Together they produced three sons during their seven years of marriage.
Knubb Anders died 14/12 1872.
The marriage can not have been happy. It is written in the book of dead that farmer Knubb Anders Erson in Kumbelnäs No 43 was divorced or that the marriage was dissolved! The priest admits that Knubb Anders way of living was less properly. He dead in 59 years 4 months and 20 days old in Leksand (where he probably lived) of some sort of breast illness.
At the same time Katarina and the boys seem to have been homeless. They are in Kumbelnäs, Wåmhus still but they do not have an address of their own. They live with other and are probably moving around. There was at the time great problems in Sweden with crop failures and starvation. No wonder that so many people left for America, the land of hope and dreams. Around 1900 one of five Swedes lived in USA.
The three sons from Katarina and Knubb Anders Erson were noted by the priest as weak in their knowledge when it came to Christianity. None of them were able to get the degree (confirmation) that was requested for the membership of the church. If that was because of poor understanding, another religion or just disinterest is not known.
The priest just maybe didn´t like them. He obviously didn´t like their father. The brothers for example seems to have been a little violent. Maybe one can blame it all on bad genes.
It is not entirely far-fetched. Knubb Anders father was Erik Olsson in Kumbelnäs born 2/9 1784 and married to Karin Andersdotter born 18/4 1784. He was badly known. People said that when he went on travels he often came back in “klubbskjuts” what probably was some sort of escort. In other words the man had a bad reputation.
Katarinas eldest son Nils Erik (Nels Andersson as you know him) seems to have been a decent and good person. Nothing bad what so ever is written about him in the Swedish church books. Maybe he had better genes. He had another father and was the first one of the four brother to leave the country 1888.
The story year by year of Martis Katarina Ersdotter:
1859 3/12 she moved to Skön.1860 she got her first child Nils Erik though she was unmarried, father unknown
1862 30/5 she got her second child Katarina Olivia though she was unmarried, father unknown
1862 19/9 the baby Katarina Olivia dead.
1865 26/6 she moved (after returned to Garberg 6) from Garberg, Älvdalen, to Wåmhus and Kumbelnäs
1865 9/10 she married the 20 years older widower Knubb Anders Ersson born 24/7 1813 in Kumbelnäs.
1966 4/3 their son Anders was born.
1869 21/2 their son Erik was born.
1872 20/2 their son Olof was born.
1872 14/12 Knubb Anders Ersson dead in Kumbelnäs.
1874 20/11 Written in the page “lose persons with no especially address” in Kumbelnäs i the church book
1880 Census: Katarina lives as a landowner and widow with her sons Nils Erik, Anders, Erik and Olof.
1888 11/5 Her son Nils Erik left for America.
1890 Census: Katarina Ersdotter livs in Kumbelnäs as a widow with her sons Anders, Erik and Olof.
1890 3/11 Mora Court Apeal sentenced Knubb Anders to hard labor for 2 months 15 days for trespassing.
1891 6/3 Katarinas son Erik left for America
1892 5/11 Her son Olof went to Ashland, Wisconsin
1895 20/7 Katarinas son Knubb Anders Andersson was sentenced by Mora Court of Appeal for willful assault hence no damage followed by a fine (he hade to pay 5 crowns).
1900 Census: Katarina Ersdotter - and her son Knubb Anders – “belongs” to Kumbelnäs but are written in the church book as persons with unknown resident. That means that they had not told the priest – as everyone should - where they moved - if they moved.
1902 10/3 Katarinas son Knubb Anders left for America. He returned 1933.
1910 Census: Katarina Ersdotter lives somewhere in Kumbelnäs. She is a widow and very poor like a begger. Her four sons are in America.
1914 27/7 Katarina dead in Kumbelnäs, Wåmhus. Maybe she locked like the lady below in her elder days.
This is not Katarina. However she might have locked like this woman. Church books:
Älvdalen AI:22 page131 Garberg 9
Älvdalen AI:26 page 132 Södra Garberg No 10 (Martis)
Älvdalen AI:29 page 146 Garberg No 8 (Martis)
Älvdalen AI:31 page263
Älvdalen FI:6 page 39 dead of Carin Mattsdotter
Älvdalen FI:6 page 11 dead of Katarina Olivia
Mora AI:13a page 366 (faderns dåliga rykte) och 354 Knubb Anders first marriage (no children)
Mora AI:14a page 383 Knubb Anders first marriage (no children)
Mora AI:15ab page 345 Knubb Anders first marriage (no children)
Våmhus F:1 page 70 Kerstin Persdotter dead, page 140 Knubb Anders dead
Våmhus AI:2a page 7 and 29
Våmhus AI:3a page 44 and 51
Våmhus AI:4a page 57 and 58 Kumbelnäs
Våmhus AI:5 page 55 Kumbelnäs (unknown residents)
Våmhus AII:2a page 60 Kumbelnäs
Våmhus AII:1a page 60 Kumbelnäs
Children before marriage, father unknown:
1) Knubb Nils Erik Andersson born 29/7 1860 unknown where and unknown father, table 1
2) Knubb Katarina Olivia born 30/5 1862 unknown where and unknown father – dead 19/9 1862.
She was only 3 months and 19 days old. Moder pigan Mattis Cathrina Ersdotter i Garberg.
The child dead in Undersvik and was buried 21/9.
Children of the marriage:
3) Knubb Anders Andersson born 4/3 1866 i Kumbelnäs, Wåmhus, table 100
4) Knubb Erik Andersson born 21/2 1869 i Kumbelnäs, Wåmhus, table 150
5) Knubb Olof Andersson born 20/2 1872 i Kumbelnäs, Wåmhus, table 200
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ONCE UPON A TIME ... Älvdalens Besparingsskog (the word means saved forrest/MA) formed in the late 1800s to promote social development. During Saving the Forest's first 50 years the district could rise socially and economically from the poor community. The second half-century parish devoted men to building a modern society in Älvdalen. A modern road network grew and bridges built over water.
During the 1800s, poverty was great in Älvdalen and population lived in very difficult conditions. 1860 began with floods and continued with foul islands. Emigration to America soon began to 1863, when famine ravaged the countryside and forced it to sell the timber to the prices. During this time, the parish received a loan of 7,000 kronor and a gift of 1000 crowns by the state to meet their survival. The last truly difficult bark bread period began in 1867 with some bitterly cold nights in September. 1867-68 resulted in famine in the country, where thousands of people are said to have starved to death. The misery continued in 1869, when the harvest was poor and a further state aid shipment must be sent to Älvdalen spring and summer of 1870. At the end of the 1870s, the ground began to get sales, many sold when their homesteads and emigration to America took off.
Saving forest formed. In the country, work continued on big shift during this time, the first major land reform in Sweden, and in connection with the saw in Älvdalen an opportunity to form the jointly owned forest lands, forest, where all were part of the return. 1882 was the work of great change come so far that it began preparing a breakdown of soil and forest between the villages. As was also the first meeting to determine the "oskifto" for socknemännens common needs. The following year, the surveyor could account for the first plan for a bydelning of infields set by the provincial government 1884. 1885 is memorable for the forest land which was divided between the villages and at the same time made the important provision that was called saving the forest. Each landowner who had forests reserved for saving the forest had shares in it in the form of jordtal. Partner in saving the forest and socknemännens other joint assets are those that own properties affixed reduced jordtal. The royal letter announced at the Royal Palace in Stockholm September 30, 1885 by King Oscar set the foundation for saving the forest creation and property participation.
We have ... "found plenty graciously order that the in Älvdalen parish existing graduated woodland thirty kvadratrev school assigned to each reduced snesland inägojord, however, so that thereof graduated woodland corresponding eleven kvadratrev for each reduced snesland inägojord is deposited on the parish's behalf, such as community land" .
On November 9, 1888 established the Royal Academy. Majesty the first regulations for the administration of the parish Älvdalen forest funds and fund saving forests. The return would primarily cover the costs of managing and monitoring the forest, and for measures to ensure access to and improve the forest. Moreover, it would return used in various ways to develop the area and make it easier for the population. You could for example take the return to pay various taxes and other things of the clergy salaries. The money could also be used for handling both summer and winter, or for help in crop failure, medical care, poor relief, the police, the improvement of agriculture and animal husbandry. The development of the district took off and soon had Älvdalen developed from a poor society into a society in the development of today's modern district. In the 1950, -60 and 70 centuries the river was an important economic factor which further drove the development and the region forward.
Today Älvdalen Besparingsskog partner in two hydropower plants in the parish: 50 percent in Vaasa plant and 33 percent in Blybergs power plants. Along with Särna-Idre Besparingsskog was acquired during the autumn of 2012, six hydropower plants by Fortum. This by a newly formed company, ASI Kraft AB. The newly formed company owned 70% of Älvdalen Besparingsskog and 30% of Särna-Idre Besparingsskog. Three of hydropower stations were sold directly and now owns ASI Kraft Lemmåns powerhouse in Sarna and two hydropower stations in Ryssa, Mora. As of May 1, 2014 acquired Älvdalen and Särna- Idre Saving Forests through its subsidiary
ASI Kraft AB 100% of the shares in AB Rots Upper Power Plant. The company owned 50% each by Älvdalsträ AB Älvdalen Besparingsskog. While ASI bought Kraft AB through property Rots Lower power plants Älvdalsvägen wood AB. Saving Forests also get every year a certain amount of compensation force (compensation payments) from the power station Trängslet which also lies within the parish. All energy power plants produce sold to Fortum on market prices. The strategy is to buy; become owners of more power-generating units and then other forms of energy other than hydropower become relevant
Even today Älvdalen Besparingsskog a very big and important influence on the district and works in many ways like the engine that ensures the people of the district prosperity and a continued positive development in the future.
To the land in the West.
By Kjell Åhs
Emigration from Älvdalen in the 1800s
http://home.swipnet.se/emigration_elfdalen/historiken.htm
(A google translation)
The following article is a concentrate of an essay, in autumn 1966 was submitted and presented at the Department of History, Uppsala University. This paper is in turn based on a variety of sources, primarily the material that is available in the parish church archives, Solders: Älvdalens parish history, North Hembygdsbok and Redoubt Guard, preserved letters, tape recordings and interviews. For purely practical reasons, the investigation time-limited to the period 1863-1900.
The main difficulty has been to determine what was the cause of emigration in each individual case. Since its official documents in this regard has not been so much information to give, you are obliged to try to draw a picture of the general condition of the parish during the period in question, and derived from it seek deduce what may have been the driving forces behind emigration decision.
In the tables, the division has been made between men and women. The figure that stands before the plus sign refers to men, the figure behind the sign women.
It should be mentioned also that the reported figures for emigration, refers only to the "legal" Exodus, d. V. P. Of persons which in utflyttnings- and parish registers be recorded as "expatriates to N. America." In the s. K. Löslängden, the list of "runaway and missing", are a great number of names. In some cases I have succeeded coat, that he travels to America, but when this happened, but that he or she collected the migration certificate, I have chosen to provide this information unchecked. Otherwise it would be too extensive work, in case you try to report where all those "runaway and missing" really went.
Emigration figures
The tables show that emigration to America began in 1863. Thereafter there were outflows of slightly uneven pace, until 1880. After this year, rising emigration rates sharply. If the causes of these phenomena, we'll talk later.
Another interesting factor is that the total number of emigrants 817 pcs, only 167 pieces from the villages west of the river, despite the fact that the population distribution during this time was such that the west side should have had a greater proportion of emigrants than is now the case . The explanation for this would be to search in the different livelihood opportunities that were available for the respective parts of the parish. (See Tables Redoubt Guard No. 52, 1967)
Emigration Causes
As previously mentioned, one can not establish a definitive cause the respective relocations. However, it is possible to bring out the general trends, which no doubt strongly combined to a large part of the parish's population preferred to leave their country for one, in many cases much more uncertain future in a foreign country.
In general, one can say that all migrations are rooted in years of famine, and all that they brought with them. Although the living conditions of about 1880, thanks to the value of the forest, was somewhat more tolerable than before, so were the conditions of many such, that either by force or voluntarily sold the farm and instead went to America.
In the 1860s emigrants is also another explanation, namely the religious conflicts that at this time occurred in the parish. In this regard, please refer to another article in this newspaper.
Nödtiderna (The times of need and starvation/MA) has been treated extensively in Älvdalen parish history, Parts I and IV, but for the sake of consistency, here's a summary:
Needs, but severe crop failure and consequent famine, are common phenomena in the parish's past history.
In a letter of complaint from socknemännen in 1633, one can read that "the majority among us suffer such hunger, that the uti their faces are more equally than dead man than one who lives and wrecked the spirit." Such bleak conditions were to continue. The uprising in 1743, known as the "Great Daldansen" certainly had some of their causes of the distress and poverty that prevailed in the upper Dala parishes, and after the 1772 and 1773 years of crop failure testified "Committee for Dalortens upphjälpande" about Älvdalen had deprived of all the parishes in the province.
Although the 1800's visited by time of need. The preserved documents, we here get a clearer picture of conditions. Years of crop failure recurs with eerie intervals, culminating in the 1860s. In 1867 in Älvdalen has been called "the last bark bread year." It is therefore not surprising to encounter the first emigrants to america just in this decade.
Even if one could keep away the direct need, so brought these islands by themselves, the peasants were forced into debt, partly to acquire grain, partly to get seeds for the coming year. These liabilities were lagging behind for a long time, and it was only after the forest started to give money, as they were able to get rid of these burdens.
From the 1700s the latter half of the court records can see how Älvdalsvägen men find themselves in debt to the people in Falun, the ironmaster Bäcka use, but most Mora Men. In 1802 Hjelm writes in his "History of Elfdals Porphyrverk" To: "It can be assumed for certain that nine-tenths of Elfdals Sockneboer live three-fourths of the year on credit."
The perennial crop failure years put farmers faced two options: either to let the debt grow, or to sell away and try to create a new future elsewhere, in this case America.
1860 long due to famine can thus be considered as a spark. Whether these time of need interacts with the religious tensions that existed in the parish, however, is unclear. 1868 years of emigration can be attributed to a religious origin, namely p. K. Shakers and their influence on the part of the population. (See SkansTornet guard No. 39).
The number of emigrants, after all, is so low in the 1860 and 1870s would depend on economic circumstances. Even if they sold their farms, so should the opportunities to finance America Trip be small, since it paid the old debts. For 1870, there is another factor, namely the big shift.
A major shift had already been mooted. Committee for Dalortens upphjälpande had in 1787 advocated a major shift, which, together with a ban on hemmansklyvning intended to alleviate the distress that prevailed in the parish. The proposal stalled in financial difficulties, and it took until 1856 before the question was withdrawn by the parish meeting. Something big shift started but not until the year 1870th
It is likely that those at home hoping for better times, since the previous joint forest shifted to the respective landowners, and that this can be seen as an explanation for the 1870s exhibit such low emigration figures. Meanwhile, gave skiftesförrättningarna jobs for certain parts of the population. As the shift progressed, dashed hopes, and when 1880 comes, the shift already advanced so far that it can sell either fell right on the assigned forest, or the whole land. Through forest felling prepared, more jobs, and this in conjunction with the slowly rising prosperity, as the income from the forest gives the parish, helps to give 1890 a lower emigration figure.
Income Opportunities in earlier times.
The old Älvdalen had two trades of rank, and casks manufacturing, and myrjärnshanteringen. Of these two can casks production said to have had its center in the villages on the river's west side, while "Stur-sajduns" residents engaged myrjärnet.
Both of these operations are mentioned since way back. In fiscal length from in 1586 included two farmers in Garbergs village under the professional title bunchers. The making of casks are certainly much older, and was conducted not only by these two people.
From the 1700s we have two sources, both of which mention both staving which myrjärnssmide and also gives an idea about these two sysslors location in the parish. So write Linen in 1734: "Uppom Church in Älvdalen forged scythes 200 of the passport, but below the church accommodation, approximately 200 pieces, making casks, which they bring down the country and föryttra, partly for money and partly for the seed."
About 20 years later, in 1757, traveling through the parish Hiilphers "Handtwärcks-men are probably in this Soknen: one partner's homestead-users are also the Smiths, but they are all öfrige bunchers."
What myrjärnshanteringen concerned, it went back to the late 1700s. About 1760 had 172 tanks has been running "the greater portion of winters", but about 20 years later, of these, only 41 pieces productive, and this limited compared to previous years. What caused this decline is uncertain. A reduction in the amount of ore is likely, but another reason may be that at this time began in Dalarna built ironworks, which could produce iron products in a more rational and thus cheaper way.
The report to the Committee for Dalortens upphjälpande left, were, among others. a. as a result, the funds were allocated for the "foundation of Elfdals Porphyrverks companies... with which the work already in 1788 began." Porphyry got However, marketing difficulties by the early 1800s.
Porfyrverkets the then ruler, Eric Hagstrom, then let construct Långö operating as a subsidiary. This subsidiary turned out to be the livable of the two plants. Porfyrverkets production fell more, and about 1890 seem manufacture have been closed definitively. Långö use experienced its heyday just during the 1890s, but was purchased in 1910 by Igelfors use in Östergötland and was closed.
Porfyrverkets abandonment around 1890 and Långö mill slowly declining production meant that those who worked there were forced to look for other employment. Such was also then big shift ended in 1887. Now, given good jobs in the forest.
Emigration
In order to comment on the 1860 exodus, one must know and remember two things: first, the long line of famine, and the movements of a religious nature, which appeared in the parish in the 1850s and 1860s.
For the 1863 emigrants can at least enter religious reasons as probable. There is a man from the Isthmus, who emigrate, presumably to serve as a sort of vanguard, because the rest of the family sets off the following year. The parish catechetical meeting this family is registered as Baptists. Those who in 1863 leaves Garbergs village is not recorded as Baptists, but according to church records did not attended either catechetical or communion since 1857. Is it religion or the hard times that this is the reason for emigration, or both - and
From Klitten emigrate in 1864, seven persons, who are recorded as Baptists. By a family of five children are two unnamed, despite being relatively old, 3 to 5 years. (See above).
It should be mentioned that the year's total figures, 48 people, can the catechetical length of the means coat, at least 24 people are Baptists, however, none of the 12 coming from Finnmark, where the non-conformist movements came only in the 1920s.
1870 is a quiet period in terms of emigration, but it's the calm before the storm. For this decade should have some facts in mind:
the tension between the nonconformist church and state decreases. The authorities can not as hard up as before, and this can be for the Baptist cause some to possibly planned America Voyages set on the future.
good economic conditions prevailing and the harvest was good, at least in the first half of the decade.
major shift began. This provided jobs for some parts of the population.
the effects of previous emigrants letters and stories. One can safely assume that, for example, the books left by those who had been at the Shaker colony in America, had a deterrent effect on America-presumptive.
If the 1870s emigrants give catechetical lengths following information:
1871: Klitten - Baptists.
1873: Brunsberg - man 1869 "escaped to America." Now, following his wife and children behind.
1877: Kyrkobyn: - one of the two women is the "servant of the vicar farm" and comes from Transtrand. Most probably, well, they both have been influenced by the depiction of America as "the land of gold."
1879: Kyrkobyn - Baptist. "Not nattv. (Ard) then (18) 72nd
For the other emigrants during this decade are not recorded in church records, which can provide information about possible causes of emigration.
In the 1880s, the big shift already advanced so far that people start selling their possessions: These sales were a hard necessity for the many years of famine. It was the only way to get rid of old debt burdens. Often estates wholly or partially secured in collateral for loans, a system that has been cultivated for centuries. The scale of these sales was such that it attracted the governor's attention, and in its five-year story in 1885, he writes, among other things. a. the following: "... after the data obtained from the villages, have already at least 120 land owners sold all his property or most of it, hvarförutom an equal number of sold portions of their property. Even if the area of the sold land does not rise so high in relation to the parish throughout jordetal so provide, however, previously mentioned 120 land owners about 1/6 of the number of land owners in the parish, and the people who belong to these families, amounting to nearly 700. in Evertsbergs village, where the largest number of sales made, is already 1/5 of all land sold, and in Klittens by Arne sales have continued to almost the same extent. "
Buyers of these properties were forestry companies, who now took the opportunity to make brilliant, and in many cases even dizzying, shops. Because of poor competitive prices could be kept low. Then those who were about to emigrate needed cash, the companies were the only ones who had the financial resources to meet the wide range of property and forests which came during the 1880s.
As a general cause of 1880s high emigration numbers will include the lag in terms of the old debt burdens that existed. Since now the forest has been divided on the respective landowners, could sell, pay their debts and still get a sum of that covered the process costs.
For the hypothesis of emigration causes should further supplement made. After myrjärnshanteringens reduced importance were the villages on the east side of the river no other profit opportunities than the porphyry, and later Långö use, could invite. On the west side, however, there were frequent casks manufacturing, and trade trips were both north and south. Furthermore, had the West side residents better opportunities to sustain livestock farming, as they, with about 1/3 of the parish's total population was about half the parish land at their disposal shacks, myrslogar and pastures.
The east side was referred to the area between Österdalälven Parish and the eastern border. It is true that the ridge by a few summer pastures on the west side of the river, Gessi and Floj, but otherwise constituted river an effective border between the east and west side.
Thus, one can say that binäringarna along with the better opportunities for livestock meant that the villages west of the river stood better equipped to face the difficult times and not had to incur debt to the same extent as the east of the river residents. "Die klared the best studies so Fua my andeln" says Manne-Spila, which figures undeniably testify.
If the great exodus from Brunsberg in 1881 know that a certain "Per Pasu Mountain fluxed up fuätsed". Here one can speak of a pure mass psychosis, where villagers are gripped by the excitement and sell their farms to the companies. This year emigrate to the oldest person, which I found busy among the emigrants, namely the widow Bud Anna Larsdotter, born in 1796! Whether she came alive from this transport, however, say nothing about catechetical lengths.
Regarding Kitta 1882 tells documents that only a few of those migrating are Baptists, but because many of the other emigrants long since taken communion or attended catechetical, one can rightly suspect that they sympathized with the Baptists.
Among the emigrants this year were the parents of Axel Olson, which in 1963 visited Älvdalen and then, among other things. a. attended Redoubt party. Axel Olson was a prolific letter writer, and left both by letter and by direct talks, many valuable data on emigrants and their fortunes in America.
Even today told a lot about the emigrants and their departure. In Kitta erupted great lamentation for emigrants leaving. They knew that this was the last time you had the opportunity to meet each other, and the public were crying. So except for the part of the "smo-påjksater" who sat at the back of the carriages, and instead handed the long nose, or did others faces at "bys-Man" and other at-home antagonists. For these were the departure from her village only the beginning of a great adventure. Let us hope that it passed them and their descendants well!
Big shift meant not only advantages. As a result of the shift forced some families to move from one village to another. These actions caused strong dissatisfaction in certain circles, and here we have the cause of the 1888 high emigration figure from Kåtilla, 25 people. These emigrants only as a protest against storskiftets results and surveyors alleged bullying. "Dior wild not sorted itself banquets errum!"
In other ways, this came dissatisfaction expressed. A family from Östäng, which would have moved to Blyberg, chose instead to sell the farm and move to Folkärna.
All emigrants did not remain in America. Total return of 43 people, of which 19 pcs. to villages west of the river. The parish registers show that all have been away one to two years. Probably they have at their departure had too high hopes on the opportunities that existed in America and after a probationary year preferred to return to their home parish.
Towards the end of the 1890s changed Älvdalen. The parish is, thanks to the income provided by the forests, no longer a backward rural poor. Civilization gaining ground gradually, and the centuries-old isolation definitely broken in 1900, when the railroad Mora - Älvdalen opened to traffic. Another sign that a new era in mines, can be seen in the fact that "tougher-home son" Anders Andersson Sjöden from Brunsberg, January 16 this year fetches transfer papers for emigration to Queensland, Australia.
In the report submitted, I have in addition to the pure numbers, could only give hints about the causes of emigration. In addition, there is still a lot of problems whose solution would shed more light on not only the causes, but also the emigration and its effects in general. In this case, the jump to the preserved documents and old papers, letters, accounts, inventories and other, still available in the different villages.
We do not yet know how älvdalingarna came in contact with American propaganda. The steamship lines, who arranged the shipment across the Atlantic were generally emigration recruiters out in the communities, in order to attract people to America and induce them to travel just with his own company. How financed travels? All was not able to sell the property, but instead got maybe allowed to borrow money.
How found life in the new country since they arrived? Corresponded to reality the hopes you had? Where the emigrants struck down? Tried to persuade those at home to come after, or discouraged from emigration? How big was the role of the bad conditions in the parish? What was the significance of the nonconformist movement in emigration context?
These are some examples of the questions that remain to be answered. No doubt you can find out about the very bl. a. through the letters that emigrants wrote to the district. Overall, probably the old papers now in private hands able to give a good knowledge about everything associated with emigration, and this is today's river valley included a great opportunity to shed light on a stage in the parish's history, the effects of which were of such magnitude that they are labeled even in our time. Älvdalen parish history is not pre-written! Still much to treat. Therefore take this opportunity to help researchers in their efforts to shed light on the circumstances of the past.
The final answers to all the questions of emigration and its causes, we find not in today Älvdalen, but on the other side of the Atlantic, the emigrants themselves, their children and grandchildren.
Emigrants from Älvdalen county 1845-1930
http://home.swipnet.se/emigration_elfdalen/index.htm
Advertising, America letters and price list.
The price was 222 crowns for a ticket to America. It is more than 10 000 crowns today or around 1500 dollars.
The trip to America in 1897
By Albert Lindgren
(Great grandfather to a friend of mine)
(A unique and somewhat linguistically sanitized story.)
To travel to America in the good old days was no pleasure trip as it is now. It is treated more like a bunch of animals and not as mäniskor. Then I like emigrant in 1897 left Stockholm to undertake this journey, it was with good anticipated solutions. O and it was not without that I lived in large prospects that I would like so many others create me a SECURE future.
Parting was touching when I said goodbye to loved ones and to the friends who had gathered at the Central Station in Stockholm. It felt painful to leave them all, and especially that which took even the whole love. I felt that the best would be to let the train go without it me but I was too proud to change my mind at the last moment. When I sat on the train steamed off to Gothenburg in my quiet solitude gloomy thoughts came to me. I felt that I went to meet difficult times, times of suffering and hardship.
Late in the evening I arrived to Gothenburg and then it was off to the Emigration Hotel. The next day arranged my passport that my other paper and the next day we were given marching in a closed troops a few hundred emigrants down to the dock where there was a small steam launch that brought us out to the boat that would take us to England.
We left Gothenburg roads at two. We were crammed into the boat like some kind of animal. Our beds consisted of bunks that were built on two floors to one floor beneath but open up to the top floor likewise countryside. Two and two in the same bunk. As the weather was a bit wobbly and the North Sea worried started rocking the boat right significantly. Soon it was full storm and thus began seasickness appear. Right as they stood where you stood on your head or rolled it completely around. It made what was inside of us started to get indulged in vomiting and diarrhea. Thus it happened that those who lived on the first floor of the hung his head out, could get himself a real shower of what those who were on the upper floor had to offer and was trying to sell. The smell or stench was incredible. Being in a pigsty with a few pigs would have been a heaven.
We came omsidor However, after a severe storm to England and landed in Grimsby. Time was half past ten in the morning. So have we march like a bunch of cattle to a barracks where we were given occupy our meal which consisted of potatoes and meat. The dessert was some kind of soup which mostly consisted of water. That we were a kind of unpleasant human figures understood well enough. After this perilous journey resembled most of our clothes dirty, rolled-up rags with all current patches on. We tried to scrape and brush us and tvetta us as clean as possible but it was very difficult for it had dried the whole show, but afterwards we saw pretty good right out. It was by the way not much more time for at twelve, we would be ready to train leave Grimsby and travel right through England to Southhamton to the boat then travel across the Atlantic.
We were crammed into what we in Sweden called the wagon. Common boards were nailed in carriages, from one side of the carriage to the other, as closely as possible together. We placed seven on each bench close to each other so that we just could not move. I realized afterwards that it was done with calculation. If anyone was going to faint, no one would be able to fall down. Packed like sardines in a can, we would hang together. The time became two before we were ready for departure. I was already sore in the stern of the long sitting on those hard wooden benches and yet we had not begun our journey. I thought, how will this turn out? I also thought of my family back home now, they would see me. But it was right for me. I was not here to do.
So put the train running, the speed was increased gradually. Each carriage was four small openings or windows, two on each side, about four inches in circumference. I had my seat at one of them. I tried to look out to see how the surroundings were. At first it went quite well, but after an hour it was impossible. The rate had been increased so that it was impossible to discern anything. Never had I gone so fast before and never later. The carriages dängde and jumped as it was thoroughly shaken. It was worse than the North Sea. The effects were the same, which also began to show itself. Some fainted especially the female passengers. Our good dinner began to come into motion and low soon as a liquid stream on the trailer floor. The heat in the carriage were insufferable. Now also began to smell and stench assert themselves just as the boat across the North Sea.
We arrived to Southhamton at 10:30 pm. Thus, we had to travel over England at 8.5 hours. It was a perilous journey. We were all happy that we had come out alive if the limbs ached and it felt as if they had undergone any kind of torture. A few women have carried on the sick wagon to the hospital. The rest of us were given go to a so-called emigranthem to get some rest. I was happy when I got to bed but it was not long sleep. I was awakened once by a lot of creeping individuals. The bed was full of full of lice, cockroaches and rats. I tried to shake off the vermin as best I could and went out on the street. I preferred to go a fire.
At three in the morning I found a cafe that was open. There I got myself a cup of fine coffee with bread and I sat there until the time was six. Since I paid, I returned to the emigrant hotel. From there we marched ten o'clock or was driven like a herd of cows down to the quay where the vast Atlantic steamer was moored. After careful study, we were given so climb the boat. It was a real yacht this great colossus. We had there a cab, a small room for four people each with a bed to lie UTI, a wash basin, each with a clean towel. On the floor was linoleum, everything clean and tidy.
At one o'clock we left Southhamton an hour later, dinner was served in the dining room. It was good food, consisting of three dishes and dessert thereto. It tasted good it can well understand. And now I began to feel at home again. Lovely weather prevailed. We took as a walk on deck. At four o'clock tea was served with the sandwich and six o'clock supper. It felt as if we had entered a new world. The next morning, breakfast was served at eight, and then twelve o'clock dinner. Every day, between two and four was the music moment. Life on board the floating palace was adorable.
After eleven day trip were we there in the land that would become for me a key for my future. My thoughts went back to the mine. I even thought about what would meet me in this country, when I went beyond meetings to meet, but everything will be all right always.
Albert married a Swedish girl, settled in Connecticut and returned to Sweden with his wife and two children 1908th
The Knubb Nils Erik Anderson family
From Sweden
Table 2
(tab 1)
Nels Anderson and Carrie Angvik
Knubb Nils Erik Andersson known as Nels Anderson.
Born 29/7 1860 Father unknown – dead 17/5 1943. Buried at Mount Hope Cemetery, Ashland, Wisconsin.
At the time for his mothers marriage 1865 five year old Nils Erik moved by himself from South Garberg in Älvdalen to Mora. It can be that he moves with his mother to her new home in Kumbelnäs, Våmhus, or his stay in Mora was short. He lives with his mother and her new family in the next church book.
Nils or Nels was a farmhand in a neigbours farm in Kumbelnäs, next to his parents, when he dicided to emigrate to North America, that is Ashland, Wisconsin, North America 11/5 1888.
Knubb Nils Erik Andersson left Kumbelnäs, Våmhus in Dalarna 11/5 1888 to emigrate to North America. Five days later 18/5 1888 he had crossed the country to Gothemburg. He went onboard the steamship Romeo heading for Hull in England before crossing the ocean to America.
He who called himself Knubb Nils Erik Andersson was in company with someone. Unfortunately I do not know who.
Nils Erik, 28, was heading direct to Ashland, Wisconsin. (EmiHamn 35:356:1377)
Traveling companion (M).
Nils Erik Anderssons (28 years) number at the passenger list is 1377.
Number 1376 is Kans Per Larsson (29 years) from Mora (not far from Wåmhus) who were going to Minneapolis. Nils Erik were the only one going to Ashland, Wisconsin on the list. Maybe they were friends. However there were a lot of people from Wåmhus (a so small place that I never heard of it), Mora and Falun on board. At least ten of the 48 only on his page of the list.
They were:
Knubb Nils Erik Anderson,
Anna Olsson born 1846/47 and Margareta Olsson born1876/77 (mother and daughter)
Margareta was later married to Nels brother Knubb Erik Anderson.
When the house of Nels burnt up his family moved in with Margaret Olsson since Eric Anderson were gone for some work in Michigan. See below.
Totally 1055 persons emigrated to America from the small place Wåmhus in Älvdalen (I for example never heard of it). Some of them used the name Knubb (from the farm they came from).
A Knubb Erik Ersson for instance went to Amerika from Kronbo, Mora, Dalarna already 1850 25/9. He must have been family.
Knubb Nils Erik Andersson went to Ashland in Amerika 18/5 1888
Knubb Olof Andersson went to Ashland in Amerika 11/11 1892
Erik Andersson went to Ashland in Amerika 11/11 1892
A Andersson went to Ashland in Amerika 19/2 1902 (probably Anders)
The name Knubb means nothing but it tells us from what farm in Dalarna the persons came. This is a speciality for just Dalarna in Sweden. At Ancestry I can see that there were already some Knubbs in the USA when Nils Erik arrived:
- Matts E Knubb (23 years) born about 1864 in Finland. He went from Gotemburg to Hull in England on the ship Orlando 14/10 1887. He was on his way to Loveland, Cal.
- Eric Knubb Ersson from Mora (right region) over Falun. He went with a steam ship. Record date 25/9 1850.
- Daniel Andersson Knubb born about 1866 in Leksand, Dalarna (right region) went from Gothemburg 27/4 1888 with destination Minneapolis. (EmiHamn 35:175:1114) Traveling companion (M).
Nils Erik Anderson married Karen Myren Angvik (Carrie Engen) (Carrie Thompson) (Carrie Anderson) Born 14/12 1866 in Angvik, Norway 27/6 1898 in Ashland county, Wisconsin.
Her parents was:
Torres Myren Angvik (Torris Olsson) born 25 January 1825 in Angvik Norway, dead April 1920. Gunhild Fostervold born 12 October 1836 in Angvik Norway, dead 1913. They were married on 22 April 1863 in Angvik Norway.
She died 25/9 1942.
Karen was a widow after Ole T Engen from Norway who died of TBC. They have had four children:
1) Edward Tomkins Engen born 7/1 1889 in Wisconsin. Edward was brought up by Karen and her second husband Nels Anderson. In 1910 years census he is an officer collection with in the lumber industry. He support himself and is a ludger in Ashland Ward 4, Ashland, Wisconsin.
Edward married Lucile Selberg 25/6 1912 in Laurium, Hougton, Michigan. I don´t know if they got any children. However, they divorced.
Edward 14/10 1921 married Mable A Olsson in Great Falls, Cascade, Montana. She was born 1899 in Frazee, Minnesota. They got two sons. Ed T Junior born about 1923 who died young and Keith Shelden born around 1926 who became an opera singer in Germany.
Edward T Engen died 12/5 1972 in Alameda.
2) Gilbert who died at 18 months of age after eating his fathers medicin. Karen was at the time sick in typhoid fever. She could not even go to his funeral.
3) Gilda who lived for only 11 months. Unknown why.
4) Charles who lived for only 9 months. Unknown why.
After nine years as a widow Karen married Nels Anderson 26/6 1898.
At the time his parents in American records were called Karia Eikson and Andrew Erikson.
Bruce Gustafson 2011: |
| Swede Avenue |
Mom was a nurse when she met dad, after he was in the hospital in Duluth with a ruptured appendix. I was born in April, 1929, and sister Karen and brother Warren followed. Dad dead in 1950. Mom remarried about 4 years later, to Duke DeLaFarait......Later they divorced. They were living in San Diego by then. Mother dead while in Las Cruces, New Mexico, visiting my sister, Karen.
I was the youngest of the 3 cousins I had near my age in the Sanborn area. They were lots of fun to visit! There were more younger ones, too.
Here are a couple more photos......Uncle Ed Engen holding a fish, and the farm house on Swede Avenue near Sanborn, Wisconsin. Sanborn had a cheese factory where the relatives used to sell their milk....At one time I remember there were 3 businesses owned by my relations........Uncle Oliver had a coffee shop....Uncle Emil Thompson had a garage and auto repair building...and Uncle Invald and Aunt Gilda had the general store, and at that time lived on the 2nd floor. Bruce
Hi Monica....I thought you might like this picture of the bait holder Grandpa Nels made while visiting our cabin at Hunter Lake near Duluth. He carved it from wood and birch bark, and kept worms in it. He loved fishing, and used to set out a pole he cut from a small tree at night, and in the morning it would usually hae a cat fish on the hook. Bruce
Bruce:
 |
| The Nels Andersons...a group where I can't put a name on the gent on the left, but the rest are Aunt Gertie, Grandma, Uncle Andrew, and Uncle Mike |
Bruce:
Hello Monica...I'm not sure if Warren already answered you question or not, but I'll try anyway. Those folks were on Mom's side. The Nels Andersons were her mother and father. They had a farm about 10 miles South of Ashland, Wisconsin, by the little town of Sanborn.
 |
| Those folks were on Mom's side. The Nels Andersons were her mother and father. |
Oliver and Anita were Mom's brother and sister-in-law. Aunt Gertie was grandma Anderson's sister, and Uncle Andrew was the brother.... Last name Angvic. Angvics lived in Duluth, and we got to go there for lots of Thanksgiving Day dinners. We have lots of fond memories..... great people.
Here is a pic of the old house on Swede Ave. The old outhouse picture was taken at a family reunion in the 60's....L to R, Gilda (the oldest) Myrtle, and Mabel (Mom). Myrtle and Mother were twins.
 |
| Oliver and Anita |
1910 Census: Nels Anderson (in the census spelld Mes) was a farmer in Mayson, Bayfield, Wisconsin. They had four children – nine, seven (twins) and three years old. A woman called Margrete Olsson, 51, lived in the household. She was married to Nels brother Knubb Erik Anderson. See table 150.
1920 Census: Nels Anderson was now a farmer in White River, Ashland, Wisconsin. Four of five children are still at home – 20, 16 (twins) and 13 years old. Oliver was already married and had left the home.
1930 Census: Nels was now a pensionist still living in White River, Ashland Wisconsin. Oliver had taken over the farm and became a farmer. He is married to Anita and the father of two children.
Karen – also called Carrie Thompson (?) – dead 25/9 1942.
Nils Erik dead 17/5 1943.
Nels and Karen Andersons children:
1) Gilda C Andersson born 11/2 1899 in Wisconsin, table 3
2) Oliver born 27/9 1900, table 20
3) Mabel Gertrud Anderson born 15/2 1903 (twin), table 40
4) Myrtle Janet Anderson born 15/2 1903 (twin), table 60
5) Rachel born 7/12 1906, table 80
I found the picture of Nels Andersson and his wife at ancestry.
Someone called Lynda Johnson published it. Probably a relative of yours.
http://mv.ancestry.com/viewer/f2fb4f00-6239-4241-bb0c-7856bc7741ec/80840822/34427568585
Bruce: #1..Mom, Oliver, Gilda, Myrtle
The Gilda Anderson Johnson family
Wisconsin
Table 3
(tab 2)
Grow up with her parents at Swede Ave Road, White River, Ashland, Wisconsin.
1910. The family lived for some time in Erik Andersons house at Mason, Bayfield, Wisconsin – together with his wife Margrete Olson - since their own house had burned up.
1920 they had moved back to at Swede Ave Road and the new house , White River, Ashland, Wisconsin.
1930: Lived in house number 1707 (707 N) at Thirteenth Street, Superior, Douglas, Wisconsin
1931-1932: Address: 316 Baxter av, Superior Wisconsin
1934: Address: 911 N 18th, Superior, Wisconsin
1935: Address: A farm at Rural, Baysfield, Wisconsin
1940: Address: State Trunk 112, White River, Ashland, Wisconsin
Highest Grade Completed: Elementary school, 7th grade
Occupation: Teacher in a public school.
Married 24/2 1923 in Bessemer, Michigan, USA to Ingvald Johnson born abt 1900 in Wisconsin.
Child:
Glenn Irving Johnson born 30/8 1925 in Ashland, Wisconsin. Dead 21/10 2002.
Address: 1311 Ward Ave, Hudson, Wisconsin (when?)
Address: 1732 Hewitt Ave, Saint Paul, Minnesota (when?)
Last address: 54829 Cumberland, Barron, Wisconsin
Cemetery: Moland Lutheran Church Cemetary, Mason, Bayfield County, Wisconsin
Service info: PHM3 US NAVY WORLD WAR II
Veterans Gravesites.
Cemetery address: Lincoln Twp Mason, WI 54856.
Gilda (recorded by Gary Thompson):
Friday August 16, 1974
In the street in Ashland, Wisconsin
A little bit of the Engen and Anderson family.
And we, my husband and I, we were in a store in Sandburn … an English first manager and we took mother and dad to live with us in our apartment above the store in 1942 I believe. 1941 or 1942. It was a lovely apartment and we were happy that we could have them there. Mother died in 1942 and dad died in 1943 and they are buried in Ashland cemetery.
My husband and I have retired and are living on the old farm where I was born maybe where I will die. And here is my husband:
Ingvald:
- Well we are sitting here in Ashland locking out at the traffic is going by. We had a wonderful time at Gery and his family, three boys and …
Gilda:
- We are very happy that Gery and the family came. Some of the children we hadn´t seen. We had such a good time with them and they are a lovely family and we just love them all. Bye bye.
Oliver A Anderson born 27/9 1900 in Wisconsin.
1920 Lived with his parents at Swede Ave Road, White River, Ashland, Wisconsin.
1940 address: Gustafson Road, White River, Ashland, Wisconsin.
He was married to Anita Mae Hovey born about 1899/1900. Her parents came from Canada.
He was a salesman. Took over the farm in White River, Ashland, Wisconsin after his parents.
Married to Anita (Barclet?)
Children:
1) Helen T Anderson born 5/4 1919 in Sanborn, Ashland, Wisconsin, tab 21
2) Oliver Jr Anderson, born abt 1924 in Ashland, Wisconsin (1940 High School, 1st year)
3) Roger Anderson, born abt 1932, in Ashland, Wisconsin (1940: Elementary school, 1st grade)
Table 21
(tab 20)
Last address: 54 906 Ashland, Wisconsin, USA . She is buried at Saint Agnes Cemetery in Ashland, Wisconsin
1940: She was 21 years old and went to High School, 4th year.
Oct 1939: Name listed as HELEN CLARICE ANDERSON;
Sep 1942: Name listed as HELEN CLARICE GUSTAFSON;
Mar 1955: Name listed as HELEN CLARICE NABOZNY;
26 Feb 1988: Name listed as HELEN C NABOZNY
Married 1 to: Gustafson
Married 2 to: Nabozny
1) Carol
2) Betty
Children in the second marriage:
3) Frances
4) Eddie
5) Jonny
6) Roger Bob
7) Billy Joe
8) Anabel
9) Barbara
10) Dolly
11) Susan
The Mabel Anderson Gustafson family
Ashland, Wisconsin
Table 40 (tab 2)
Mabel Gertrud Anderson born 15/2 1903 in Sanborn, Ashland, Wisconsin.Grow up with her parents at Swede Ave Road, White River, Ashland, Wisconsin.
Agaton was born 14712 1892 in Dals Ed, Sweden – dead 5/9 1950 in San Diego, USA.
He emigrated from Sweden to America around 1908.
But the house went up in smoke. They moved to San Diego and were finally divorced.
Mabel died 10/2 1970in Las Cruses, New Mexico
Bruce:
Mom was a nurse when she met dad, after he was in the hospital in Duluth with a ruptured appendix. I was born in April, 1929, and sister Karen and brother Warren followed. Dad died in 1950. Mom remarried about 4 years later, to Duke DeLaFarait......Later they divorced. They were living in San Diego by then. Mother died while in Las Cruces, New Mexico, visiting my sister, Karen.
Children:
1) Bruce Gustafson born 27/4 1929 in Duluth, Minnesota, table 21
2) Karen Ann Gustafson born , table 26
3) Warren
Karen-Ann, Warren and Bruce Gustafson
The Bruce Gustafson family
El Cajon, San Diego
Bruce:
We had a family get-together and good food at the Nottingham's this afternoon. Missing Warren had a band commitment. Sitting on the sofa, L to R: Shirley, Anita, Josh, Jann, Glen, Pete, Dustin and Dennis. On the floor, L to R: Bruce, Kelly (and the dog, Hershey) and Lynn.
Table 41
(tab 40)
Bruce Gustafson born 27/4 1929 in Duluth, Minnesota. Dead 26/4 2016 in San Diego.
Married to Shirley Martha Sanders born 14/12 1926 in Duluth, Minnesota, as the daughter of Douglas and Dorothy Sanders. She died 18/11 2007 in El Cajon, San Diego.
1) Glen Arthur Gustafson born 1/8 1954 in San Diego, table 42
2) Lynn Gustafson born 7/6 1957 in San Diego, table 43
The house in Duluth, Minnesota, where the Gustafson children grew up. Now and then.
Studead at the Crossmont College and before that UC Berkeley and Mills College. After working at DreamWorks Animation he is now working at Dr D Studios.
Married to Jann Gustafson.
Glen spent a year in Sweden 1984/1985 as Mr Dirty Gus McDollar. You have to ask him yourself what it was all about. Part of it you can see for yourself here: http://vallentunarevyn1.blogspot.se/p/1984_21.html
He also made the drawing of the old mill. There will soon be possible to see the whole film about Mr McDollar at internet.
Photos from Glen October 31, 2007: Here are some pictures of the scary moments, he writes (in Swedish!) about the wind Santa Ana that blow 90-150 kph+ in three days. Nothing or no one could stop it.
A letter from Glen 2/10 2004:
Howdy Folks,
Ordinarily I dislike sending the same email to several people, (seems impersonal), but since I want to tell the same story to each of you I'll send this one en masse, just this once. It's long, but I figure those who don't have time will at least enjoy the photo...
Jann and I just got home this morning from our super-discount off-season visit to Hawaii. We had a great week, and everything we did was a lot of fun, but I wanted to describe the unique experience we had doing the "Manta Ray Night Dive".
Manta Rays are very large (supposedly reaching 22' across) filter-feeding rays that cruise in open waters, collecting small shrimp and plankton by filtering large amounts of seawater just like many whales do. They have no stinger and are one of the most gentle creatures in the ocean- unless you are a tiny shrimp or the like. One thing that I find remarkable is that they are one of the very few sea creatures that seem to enjoy and seek contact with divers.
I had read stories of giant manta rays approaching divers as if begging to have fishing line and hooks removed (they do often run into fishing lines as they can't see them and have no "reverse". I had taken the stories with a grain of salt, having read so many "urban myths" on the web, but I've now learned it has some basis in truth.
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ANYWAY, HERE'S OUR TALE:
Last Saturday Jann and I went out on the "Manta Ray Night Dive" on a very nice boat named "Kona Honu 1", operated by Kona Honu Divers.
The evening consisted of two dives, the first being just before sunset so we could cruise the area and get familiar with where we were going to be diving in the dark later in the evening.
The water was amazingly clear with visibility ar ound 120 feet, and nice and warm, too (around 80 degrees). I got a nice shot of some of our boat's snorkelers, some 60 feet above us against the surface in twilight. The ocean slowly grew darker and nocturnal creatures began to appear, barracuda
cruising the deeper, dark blue waters to our right and sea urchins climbing up out of the crevasses in the coral to feed. After about 50 minutes we returned to the boat to wait for nightfall and grab a bite to eat.
After dinner, the divemaster took a milk-crate filled with large underwater flashlights down to the location ahead of us, and the boat captain handed us each a powerful dive light to carry. We were
briefed on how to hold the light upturned, so the plankton would gather in the beam. We were also asked to remove our snorkels, and to hold the light slightly *above* our heads so we did not end up being bowled over by a 1000 lb. manta ray aiming for the light. They were not exaggerating.
Night divi ng is always surreal, but this was the most other-worldly thing I have ever experienced. Once Jann and I were both in the water, we sank into the quiet blackness and set out toward the site, about 150' in front of the boat. Within a minute we could see the glow from the crate of flashlights sitting on the bottom at a depth of only about 30 feet. Surrounding the crate like a camp-out were several divers kneeling on the bottom with upturned dive lights, each projecting a beam through a swirling pillar of plankton, looking like a scene from "Close Encounters". There was a cozy, deep blue glow around the entire area.
The entire scene was already clearly visible from nearly 100 feet away. Above the beacon from the crate was a huge, slowly revolving cyclone of small, silver fish feeding on the plankton in a graceful, weightless ballet reaching all the way to the surface. As if on cue they parted, and a gigantic white shape appeared as our mantaray swooped in over the light and banked away, the cyclone of fish closing back in its wake. Everything was shifting and gliding in three dimensions all around us as we took up our positions kneeling on the bottom with the other divers.
The site was pretty close to shore, so the surge from the surf was very strong at times. I kept getting rolled on one side as I tried to raise the camera for the first time, and had to reach out with my right
hand to steady myself. I looked down to make sure I wasn't putting my hand on a sea urchin, and when I looked back up all I saw was a gigantic (about 9' across) white shape banking inches from my face. Her eye regarded me calmly as she cruised past, mouth closed - she could see I was not ready with my light. As if she felt obligated to greet each diver, she set out on a course over each upheld light, turning sharply so as not to miss anyone. It was a female ray named Koie; they have unique
markings on the underside, like t he fluke of a whale and have been named and cataloged by local divers.
Jann was having better luck getting into position, not having a camera to fiddle with. She braced herself against a boulder and held up her light, and in seconds a dense cloud of plankton gathered in the beam.
From behind the churning cyclone of fish we could see the large black shape of the manta's back as she went into a steep turn like a fighter jet in slow motion, reeling toward us. I pushed my strobe into a horizontal position, now that I'd seen how low she was passing over divers. Up with the camera and light just as the school of fish parted -
Man, what a sight. Out of the swirling mass of fish came this immense flying shape, mouth closed and looking right at us, she changed course to drop in low, heading straight for us. Jann's light was doing the job, so once Koie was about 10' away her cavernous mouth dropped open and the paddle-like fins on her head deftly turned to form a scoop like a jet engine intake (actually she's missing the better part of one fin). She was moving faster now, and expertly skimmed the top of Jann's dive light,
inches over Jann's head. Without missing a beat she banked and headed for my light. I had to lower my camera and bow my head to one side to give her room as she sailed over me, an expansive overcast of underbelly like the "Imperial Cruiser" in the opening scene of the first "Star Wars", every gill slit, little scar and attached parasite passing inches from my nose, then she was off to visit the other divers.
After making several rounds of all of our upheld lights, she seemed to think it was time to show us something different. She banked into the column of fish, scattering them out of the way, and commenced to do a series of back-wards loop-the-loops as mantas often do when feeding
in the wild. This time she really started swimming fast, giving us a sense of the immense power and speed a manta ray is capable of. After 8 or 10 loops she turned steeply and swooped down on us again, but slowly and gently as before, visiting each of our lights and looking closely into our masks before returning to the center to show us some more loops.
This went on for as long as our air lasted, and finally we received the signal from our divemaster to head back for the boat. The return swim underwater was also magical, as they had suspended a green strobe on a weighted line below the ladder, and we swam back to the blinking beacon in the endless, weightless blackness.
At the end of our "safety-stop", we were the last divers to reach the ladder when we head the captain say "she's right here!". Sure enough, right next to Jann was the back of our manta ray, entirely out of the water as she splashed around before diving under us. The captain brought me my camera back, and I tried unsuccessfu lly to catch a shot as Jann and Koie swam circles together on the surface for another 10 minutes or so. I climbed aboard and took a couple of shots as Jann played alone with the giant ray in the dark water. Other recent trips had had up to a dozen manta rays, but if you have at least one, you have one of the the dives of a lifetime.
ABOUT THE PHOTO:
The surge had gotten better for a while, but near the end of the dive it got worse again making it hard to stay put even with our being deliberately over-weighted. Jann had to let go of the crate for fear of
pulling it over. By now the manta ray was so used to us she was making pretty regular passes over our lights, so even before Jann could get settled, Koie was back. She easily turned aside and made a pass over my light (as I rolled in the surge in slow-motion, trying to hold the light steady for her). The cloudiness to the left may be from fresh water rising from one of the many un dersea springs in the area, or it could be silt from all of us sitting on the bottom.
If you look at Koie's right (camera left) wing, you can see a deep notch in the leading edge. There is also a deep "v" in the trailing edge from where she had been wrapped with fishing line and steel leader. Their looping motion when they feed causes the line to tighten and cut deeper and deeper, possibly leading to the ray's eventual death. Local divemasters from several different operators worked together to cut the line away some time ago and she has healed nicely. Could that be
why she seems to be looking for someone when she checks you out up close? Who knows...
The relationship between the manta rays and dive operators is interesting. People had noticed that manta rays used to feed in the bright lights shining into the water from an old resort in Kona, but when that resort closed the lights went out and the rays left. Then someone discovered them feeding near the old Kona Airport, and a diver had the idea of providing some light. It's developed into a great attraction for dive operators in the area, and unlike other fish-feedings, the mantas are staying on their natural diet. Divers are instructed not to touch, poke, chase or ride the manta rays, and the entire encounter is at the ray's discression (apparently manta rays have "allowed" a diver to ride in some special encounters around the world, but with 12 or more divers in the water on a regular basis it would be a huge stress to the animals). They certainly get close enough that you may be touched by one. The contact is so extremely close that you really feel that you've connected somehow.
While looking at an earlier video, we noticed yet another ray with a fish-hook trailing from one wing. With the new monofilament that never rots and stainless hooks that won't rust away, it's probably a good thing that local dive o perators are tracking and keeping an eye on their manta ray population. I can't think of many other organized tours of this kind that may actually have a net benefit to the wildlife.
As our boat headed for home, I thought about her, cruising alone now in the mysterious, dark depths and couldn't help wondering if she was also still thinking about our dinner party that evening.
Cheers,
Glen and Jann
Table 43
(41)
Lynn Gustafson born 7/6 1954 in San Diego.
Married I to Dennis Lee Nottingham born 17/10 1948.
Lives in El Cajon, California.
Married II to: Gerry
Children of the first marriage:
1) Joshua Lee Nottingham born 11/12 1979 in San Diego, table 44
2) Kelly Marie Nottingham born 2/2 1984 in San Diego, table 45
Four generations:
Josh with X, Bruce, Lynn with Dustin, X and Kelly
Lynn and Gerry with her grandchildren
Table 44
(tab 43)
Married to: Anita
They live in San Diego.
Children:
1) .
2) .
Table 45
(tab 43)
Kelly Marie Nottingham born 2/2 1984 in San Diego
Married I to Peter Richard Goldbold born 31/8 1983 in Los Angeles. They are divorced.
Married II to Micah James Joshua Parsons born 24/8 1984 in Los Angeles.
Child from first marriage:
1) Dustin Lee Godbold born 2/3 2005
Child from second marriage:
2) Gemma Lynn Parsons born 10/7 2014
The Karen Ann Gustafson Hall family
New Mexico
Table 46
(tab 40)
Karen Ann Gustafson born 2979 1933 in Duluth, Minnisota. Dead ?
Married II 23/2 1968 in El Paso County, Texas, to Robert Edward Hall born 21/2 1942 in Stamford
Children in first marriage:
1) Deadre Leanne Biamont born 23/11 1959 in Los Cruces, New Mexico, table 47
2) Michelle Renee Biamont born 19/1 1961 in Los Cruces, New Mexico, table 48
3) Paula Elain Biamont born 2/1 1963 in Los Cruces, New Mexico, table 49
4) Allan Christopher Biamont born 23/11 1964 in Los Cruces, New Mexico, table 50
5) Neva Jane Biamont born 17/4 1966 in Los Cruces, New Mexico, table 51
Child in second marriage
6) Victor Gustav Hall born 17/5 1969 in Los Cruces, New Mexico, table 52
Table 47
(tab 46)
Deadre Leanne Biamont born 23/11 1959 in Los Cruces, New Mexico
Married I 19/6 1979 to Richard Stratton Wayman – divorced 5/9 same year.
Married to Ray Banks
Children:
1) Sydoney AA Banks
2)
Table 48
(tab 46)
Studead at New Mexico State University. Work at Story Book Cabins.
Married Kinsey
Children:
1) ..
2) ..
3)
Table 49
(tab 46)
Children:
Studead at New Mexico State University and before that Mayfield High.
Lives in Las Cruces, New Mexico
Work at Applebee´s
Married to:
Children:
1)
Neva Jane Biamont born 17/4 1966 in Los Cruces, New Mexico
Married since 8/6 2007 to Michael Causey
Children:
Victor Gustav Hall born 17/5 1969 in Los Cruces, New Mexico
Divorced from: Melissa and her daughter Leigha.
Children:
1) Alexander Gustav 15/9 2001 (?)
Post card from Victor 2004
Table 53
(tab 40)
Warren Lee Gustafson born 8/1 1937 in Duluth, Minnesota. Dead on his 70th birthday 8/1 2007 in Spring Valley, San Diego. His ashes were put in the ocean where he loved to fish.
Warren was a musician and a salesman. He played the trombone in Big Band Music Makers with Arnie Rich.
Married I to: X
Married II to: Patricia “Pat” Gustafson, 2114 Union Ave, Wesleyville, Pa 16510
Children from the first marriage:
1) Elaine Adams (adopted by Keith Adams who married her mother)
Children from the second marriage:
1) Greg “married” to Amber. They have a baby but are probably not together anymore. He was 2001 said to be in Wyoming with legal problems.
Korrigera härifrån:
D: dokument/slaktforskning/slakt USA
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